PRoMs - The Production and Reading of Music Sources

Mise-en-page in manuscripts and printed books containing polyphonic music, 1480—1530

Manuscript: Jena, Germany, Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, MS 3

Manuscript type: choirbook

RISM siglum: D-Ju 3

DIAMM Source Key: 1220

Image repositories: UrMEL

Folio(s): All folios

Date: 1518-20

Between 1518 and 1520, after the death of Loyset Compère (marked as deceased, ff. 73v-74r) and before the death of Adam Rener, who was responsible for a few handwritten corrections in this book (ff. 68v, 94a).

Location of origin: Brussels, Belgium ; Mechelen, Belgium

Provenance

1) Prepared for Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony (1486-1525), probably at All Saints Church in Wittenberg (heraldic arms, f. 15v; portrait with motto 'Tant que je puis', f. 30r; motto also on f. 2r; Josquin's Missa Hercules dux Ferrarie dedicated to 'Fridericus dux saxsonie', ff. 15v-28r). 2) When a later Elector, Johann Friedrich I, was deposed in 1547, he retired to Weimar, taking with him the court library. The collection was transferred to Jena in the following year to become the foundation of the library of the Hochschule (later Jena University).

Artists/Scribes

Person: Master of the Prayer Books of 1500
Person type: artist
Note: Master of the Prayer Books of 1500 (ff. 15v, 29v, 30r) (see <a href="/bibliography/#entry889" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Thoss, Dagmar, &lsquo;Flemish Miniature Painting in the Alamire Manuscripts&rsquo;, in Kellman 1999, 53&ndash;62"><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Thoss 1999</a>, 53-54; Thoss does not mention the miniature with the heraldic arms supported by angels on f. 15v).

Person: Scribe C5 (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe C5 wrote part of the text (see <a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Person: Scribe C6, (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe C6 wrote part of the text (see <a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Person: Scribe C, (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe C wrote the music and part of the text (see <a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Person: Horenbout, Gerard
Person type: artist
Note: Circle of Gerard Horenbout (f. 1v, 43v) The hand on f. 43v was also responsible for another manuscript from the Alamire scriptorium (Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Cappella Sistina 160), as well as for a devotional treatise for Margaret of Austria (Arras, Bibliothèque municipale, MS 894) (see <a href="/bibliography/#entry889" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Thoss, Dagmar, &lsquo;Flemish Miniature Painting in the Alamire Manuscripts&rsquo;, in Kellman 1999, 53&ndash;62"><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Thoss 1999</a>, 59-61).

Bibliography

Roediger 1935, I, 40-41; Kellman 1976, 198-200, 209, 213; Census-Catalogue I, 288-9; Kellman 1999, no. 12.

Basis for description: original

Jena, Germany, Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, MS 3, All folios

Physical description

Material: parchment

Number of leaves: i +116 + i

Format: upright

Page dimensions: 557 x 380

Quire structure: Text version

Other devices: Modern paper flyleaves. Modern Arabic foliation in ink in upper right corner: 1-115.

Page details (zoom):

Preparation and Copying

All folios

Preparation

Disposition of Voice Parts Key

Pricking always,
Prickings in upper and lower margins for vertical bounding lines. Prickings in the outer margin for the maximum of ten staves.
Ruled grid always,
single line to left and right, no horizontal ruling for text
Ruling pattern fairly regular
Staves omitted from grid often
Incomplete staves rarely,
71v, 80v
Medium and colour of grid Frequency Folios Note
lead point always
Colour of staves Frequency Folios Note
black always
Ruling medium Frequency Folios Note
single rastrum always
Indentation for initials Frequency Folios Note
double normally
Extra space between voice parts Frequency Folios Note
staves not ruled sometimes
empty ruled staves on grid often
Space provided for separate text Frequency Folios Note
no separate text never
Adhoc adaptation Frequency Folios Note
partial additional staves rarely 78r
notation and staves extended into margin rarely 8r, 19v, 62v

Copying of text and music

Language(s) French, Latin
Order of Copying music first
always
Presence/absence of text Voice part Frequency Folios Note
fully texted with one text all voice parts normally
fully texted with two or more texts tenor rarely 62v, 63v, 97v, 98v
fully texted with two or more texts discantus rarely 64v, 65v
Music
Colour(s) of notation black
Type(s) of notation void mensural
Type of notation note slender and strongly pointed rhomboid shape
Monophonic notation absent
Level of calligraphy very high
Non verbal performance instructions Folios Note
end symbol 28r, 115r Three pyramidically arranged dots (ff. 28r, 115r).
signes-de-renvoi A triangle of rhombus-shaped note heads (ff. 3v-4r, 4v-5r, 74v-75r, 75v-76r, 76v, 78r, 78v-79r, 79v-80r, 84r, 93v-94r, 94v-95r, 95v-96r), rhombus made of four small rhombuses (ff. 11v-12r, 17v-18r, 18v-19r, 19v-20r, 54v-55r), three pyramidically arranged dots with a descending loop (ff. 51r, 64v-65r, 106v-107r, 107v-108r, 108v-109r, 109v-110r, 110v-111r, 112v-113r, 114v-115r), three pyramidically arranged rhombuses (ff. 39r, 85v-86r), in black ink. A simple cross (ff. 73v-74r) in red ink.
signa congruentiae in form of three pyramidal dots ending in a loop
Line fillers Folios Note
sometimes repeated custodes
Later changes Folios
f. 94a added paper leaf with 5 rastrum-ruled staves on the recto, containing the resolution of canonic L'homme armé tenor written out and texted by Adam Rener.
Text 1
Types of script cursive (bastarda)
Level of calligraphy very high,
Colour mainly used for personalisation. Josquin's Missa Hercules Dux Ferrarie is dedicated to 'Fridericus dux saxsonie', highlighted in red ink. Josquin's Missa Faisant regretz is dedicated to Elizabeth, the name of Frederick's mother, highlighted in blue ink.
Colour(s) of text black red blue
Multiple texts yes
Cantus firmus text and ordinary text sometimes interleaved.
Text repetitions few
Abbreviations few
Non underlaid vocal text none
Text 2
Types of script display script
Types of script size position Rubrics introduced by large initials for voice-names after the discantus and 'residuum' rubrics.
Level of calligraphy very high
Colour(s) of text black red
Liminary text Composers' names (ff. 15v, 44r, 59v, 73v-74r, 91v, 106r), Frederick's motto 'Tant que je puis' (f. 2r) in red. Titles in red. Voice designations, Tacet instructions, canonic instructions, Verte instructions, Residuum, other rubrics, all in black.

Decoration

Level of Decoration very high
Decoration miniature frequency Folios Size position Description Discrepancies
rarely 1v Miniatures at the beginning of the first four Masses, 3 to 4 staves high, introducing the discantus or the discantus and the contratenor respectively, of four voice-parts. 1v: Visitation
rarely 43v Miniatures at the beginning of the first four Masses, 3 to 4 staves high, introducing the discantus or the discantus and the contratenor respectively, of four voice-parts. 43v: Assumption of the Virgin
rarely 15v Miniatures at the beginning of the first four Masses, 3 to 4 staves high, introducing the discantus or the discantus and the contratenor respectively, of four voice-parts. 15v: Heraldic arms of Frederick the Wise, supported by Angels
rarely 29v, 30r Miniatures at the beginning of the first four Masses, 3 to 4 staves high, introducing the discantus or the discantus and the contratenor respectively, of four voice-parts. 29v: Virgin and Child Enthroned 30r: Frederick the Wise in Prayer, introduced by an Angel
Decoration border frequency Border type Folios Size Position Description Discrepancies
rarely None 1v, 15v, 29v, 30r, 43v full borders inner margin, lower margin, outer margin, upper margin Acanthus, flowers, strawberries, birds and butterflies on pink grounds; once flowers, strawberries, butterflies, flies and caterpillars on an ochre ground (f. 15v).
Decoration initial type Frequency Folios Initial type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
painted initials rarely 1v, 2r, 15v, 16r, 29v, 30r, 43v, 44r, 59v, 73v, 91v, 105v At the beginning of the first four Masses, two staves high, introducing the voice-parts after the discantus or the lower voice-parts respectively, of four voice-parts. At the beginning of the following four Masses, four staves high, introducing the discantus, of four voice-parts. Initials, two staves high, formed of acanthus, occasionally with strewn flowers, strawberries, butterflies and/or birds on green, purple, red, blue or ochre grounds. Initials, four staves high, formed of acanthus.
penned initials normally At the beginning of voice-parts, in general two staves high. Calligraphic initials with grotesque heads in coloured washes and blue, partly also red ink, at the beginning of voice-parts after the discantus, for the first opening of the last four Masses. Calligraphic initials in black ink throughout.
initials planned never
painted initials rarely 105v At the beginning of the first four Masses, two staves high, introducing the voice-parts after the discantus or the lower voice-parts respectively, of four voice-parts. At the beginning of the following four Masses, four staves high, introducing the discantus, of four voice-parts. Initials, four staves high, formed of acanthus, once also with a grotesque head, a bird's head and a snail (f. 105v), on ochre or red grounds.
painted initials rarely 73v At the beginning of the first four Masses, two staves high, introducing the voice-parts after the discantus or the lower voice-parts respectively, of four voice-parts. At the beginning of the following four Masses, four staves high, introducing the discantus, of four voice-parts. Initials, four staves high, formed of acanthus, once on a bi-parted ground in ochre and blue with flowers (f. 73v).
Other decoration frequency Folios Other decoration type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
never