PRoMs - The Production and Reading of Music Sources

Mise-en-page in manuscripts and printed books containing polyphonic music, 1480—1530

Manuscript: Brussels, Belgium, Bibliothèque Royal Albert 1er/Koninklijke Bibliotheek Albert I, MS 215-216

Manuscript type: choirbook

RISM siglum: B-Br 215-16

DIAMM Source Key: 1627

Image repositories: IDEM

Folio(s): All folios

Date: between 1503-18, perhaps 1516

Between 1503 and 1518, when Charles de Clerc married Anne Annoke and before the death of Pierre de la Rue (see also Provenance). Flynn Warmington suggested a narrower date of 1516, based on her script chronology of scribe X (Warmington 1999, no. 1). In 1516, Charles de Clerc was also appointed as chief officer of the Chambre des Comptes in Lille.

Location of origin: Brussels, Belgium ; Mechelen, Belgium

Provenance

1) Prepared for Charles de Clerc (b. 1477, d. 1533), Seigneur de Bouvekercke, and his third wife Anne Annoke, Bruges (heraldic arms, f. 2r). 2) In the 17th century, Jesuit College, Brussels (inscribed in black ink 'Collegij Societ Jesu Brux NB N', f. 2r). 3) Hereditary library of the dukes of Burgundy, later called Bibliothèque de Bourgogne. 4) In 1838, Bibliothèque de Bourgogne united with the newly organised Bibliothèque Royale de Belgique / Koningklijke Bibliotheek founded in 1837.

Artists/Scribes

Person: Anonymous, Anonymous
Person type: artist
Note: Anonymous (f. 33v).

Person: Scribe C2, (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe C2 wrote part of the music (<a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Person: Scribe X, (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe X wrote the text (<a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Person: Scribe E, (member of Habsburg-Burgundian 'Alamire' workshop (Mechelen, Belgium))
Person type: scribe
Note: Scribe E wrote part of the music (<a href="/bibliography/#entry640" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Kiel, Jacobijn and Flynn Warmington, ‘Overview of the Scribes’, in Kellman 1999, 47–52 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Kiel/Warmington 1999</a>, 52).

Bibliography

Van den Borren 1933, 69-70; Kellman 1958, 18-19; Robijns 1960, 28-43; Kellman 1976, 211; Census-Catalogue I, 91, IV, 291; Brown 1983; Kellman 1999, no. 1; Haggh 2003, 185-202.

Basis for description: original

Brussels, Belgium, Bibliothèque Royal Albert 1er/Koninklijke Bibliotheek Albert I, MS 215-216, All folios

Physical description

Material: parchment

Number of leaves: i + 49 + i

Format: upright

Page dimensions: 430 x 320

Quire structure: Text version

Other devices: 1. Modern pencil foliation top right, 1-49.

Page details (zoom):

Preparation and Copying

1-43

Preparation

Disposition of Voice Parts Key

Pricking often,
Prickings in upper and lower margins for vertical bounding lines.No prickings visible for stave ruling
Ruled grid often,
Single line to left and right, text on single or more rarely double line, added where required.
Ruling pattern fairly regular
Staves matching on recto and verso pages, but not consistently ruled within quires. Basically on a 9-stave grid, but often fewer or more as required by the music.
Staves omitted from grid often
Incomplete staves rarely,
6v, 33v
Medium and colour of grid Frequency Folios Note
hard point or lead point always
Colour of staves Frequency Folios Note
black always
Ruling medium Frequency Folios Note
single rastrum always
Indentation for initials Frequency Folios Note
triple rarely 1v, 20v, 22v Triple indentations for discantus at beginning of Masses and the Kyrie of the second Mass.
double often Often at beginning of major divisions but not consistently.
single normally
Extra space between voice parts Frequency Folios Note
staves not ruled sometimes
empty ruled staves on grid occasionally
variable space, not on grid occasionally
Space provided for separate text Frequency Folios Note
no separate text never
Adhoc adaptation Frequency Folios Note
partial additional staves rarely 6v, 31v

Copying of text and music

Language(s) Latin
Higlighting none
Order of Copying music first
always
Presence/absence of text Voice part Frequency Folios Note
fully texted with one text all voice parts normally
fully texted with two or more texts tenor often
Music
Colour(s) of notation black
Type(s) of notation void mensural
Type of notation note rhomboid shape
Monophonic notation absent
Level of calligraphy very high
Non verbal performance instructions Folios Note
signes-de-renvoi 2v-3r, 7v-10r, 11v-12r, 15v-16r, 17v-18r, 23v-27r, 32v-33r, 35v-36r, 37v-38r, 41v-43r Cross with four dots in red ink.
Line fillers Folios Note
few 4v-5r, 6v-7r, 8v-9r, 10v-12r, 18v-19r, 36v-37r, 39v-40r, 41v-42r Custodes doubled when 'verte' instructions appear.
few 19v-20r, 32v-33r, 36r, 37v-38r, 42v-43r Double vertical which ends the voice part has been extended in form of a series of tapering vertical lines.
Text 1
Types of script display script
Types of script size position Rubrics introduced by large initials for voice-names after the discantus, 'residuum' rubrics and instructions at the end of voice-parts on empty stave or in empty space.
Level of calligraphy very high
Text 2
Types of script cursive (bastarda)
Types of script note Larger font for first opening.
Level of calligraphy very high
Colour(s) of text black red
Red used for cantus firmus text.
Multiple texts yes
Text repetitions few
Abbreviations few
Non underlaid vocal text none
Liminary text titles at beginning of Masses,
1v, 20v, 33v
Text 3
Types of script textura
Types of script size position For titles on first openings of Masses and first motet cantus firmus text in red ink .
Types of script folios 1v, 20v, 33v (titles)
Level of calligraphy very high
Colour(s) of text red

Decoration

Level of Decoration high
Decoration miniature frequency Folios Size position Description Discrepancies
rarely 2r 1 miniature on opening page, 2 staves high, introducing the contratenor of a five voice-part (ff. 1v-2r). Heraldic arms of Charles de Clerc, Seigneur de Bouvekercke.
rarely 33v 1 miniature at the beginning of the first motet, 2 staves high, introducing the discantus of a seven voice-part (ff. 33v-34r). Virgin of the Seven Sorrows. The beginning of Pipelare's motet 'Memorare mater' is lacking the first letter 'M' (f. 33v). Either the scribe forgot to add the letter in red ink or the motet should have opened with a large initial instead of a miniature, similar to the following motet (f. 39v).
Decoration border frequency Border type Folios Size Position Description Discrepancies
never None None
Decoration initial type Frequency Folios Initial type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
painted initials rarely 1v 1 decorated initial on opening page, 3 staves high, introducing the discantus of a five voice-part (ff. 1v-2r).
initials planned never
penned initials normally 1v-2r, 20v-21r decorated with grotesque heads at the beginning of Masses (ff. 1v-2r, 20v-21r) coloured initials with grotesque heads
penned initials rarely 39v calligraphic beginning of the second motet (f. 39v) calligraphic initial in red ink
penned initials normally calligraphic throughout at the beginning of voice-parts calligraphic initials in black ink
Other decoration frequency Folios Other decoration type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
never
44-49

Preparation

Disposition of Voice Parts Key

Pricking always,
Prickings in upper and lower margins for vertical bounding lines. Prickings for text ruling in outer margins.
Ruled grid always,
Double vertical lines to the left and right, lines for text, horizontal frame lines across the page, one on top 4 mm abot top staveline, one at the bottom corresponding to bottom text line.
Ruling pattern highly regular
Staves omitted from grid never
Incomplete staves never
Medium and colour of grid Frequency Folios Note
lead point always
Colour of staves Frequency Folios Note
red always
Ruling medium Frequency Folios Note
single rastrum always tetragrams
Indentation for initials Frequency Folios Note
single always At the beginning or in the middle of staves
Extra space between voice parts Frequency Folios Note
none always
Space provided for separate text Frequency Folios Note
provided, in dedicated space always Staves left partially unruled where necessary

Copying of text and music

Language(s) Latin
Order of Copying text first
always
Presence/absence of text Voice part Frequency Folios Note
fully texted with one text all voice parts always
Music
Colour(s) of notation black
Type(s) of notation chant (square)
Monophonic notation present
throughout
Level of calligraphy very high
Text
Types of script textura
Level of calligraphy high
Colour(s) of text black red
red for rubrics
Multiple texts no
Text repetitions none
Abbreviations very few
Non underlaid vocal text additional
Liminary text rubrics and cross-references

Decoration

Level of Decoration fair
Decoration initial type Frequency Folios Initial type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
painted initials often plain initials At the beginning of very chant, at the beginning or in the middle of lines Large initials alternating in blue and red
penned initials often calligraphic , flourished at the beginning of subsections within a chant Cadel-type initials, with some penflourishing and highlighting in yellow wash
Other decoration frequency Folios Other decoration type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
often 47r-49r littera notabilior at the beginning of every verse in the prosa (sequence), below stave with text large plain capitals alternating in blue and red