PRoMs - The Production and Reading of Music Sources

Mise-en-page in manuscripts and printed books containing polyphonic music, 1480—1530

Manuscript: Florence, Italy, Biblioteca Riccardiana, MS 2794

Manuscript type: choirbook

RISM siglum: I-Fr 2794

DIAMM Source Key: 1418

Folio(s): All folios

Date: 1480-1488

1480s, probably before 1488.

Location of origin: France

Provenance

Probably copied at the French royal court (Litterick 1976).

Artists/Scribes

Person: Anonymous, Anonymous
Person type: scribe
Location of origin: France
Note: Copied by two principal scribes; scribe I also copied some pieces in US-Wc L25, and scribe II also copied some pieces in F-Dm 517 (<a href="/bibliography/#entry815" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Rifkin, Joshua, 'Scribal Concordances for Some Renaissance Manuscripts in Florentine Libraries', Journal of the American Musicological Society, 26 (1973), 305–26 "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Rifkin 1973</a>). Rifkin's claim of scribal concordance with US-Wc L25 are disputed by <a href="/bibliography/#entry559" data-tooltip="" class="has-tip tip-top reference" data-placement="top" rel="tooltip" data-original-title="" title="Gutiérrez-Denhoff, Martella, Der Wolfenbütteler Chansonnier Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bibliothek Codex Guelf. 287 Extrav.: Untersuchungen zu Repertoire und Überlieferung einer Musikhandschrift des 15. Jahrhunderts und ihres Umkreises, Wolfenbütteler Forschungen, 29 (Wiesbaden, 1985) "><i class="fa fa-book"></i>Gutiérrez-Denhoff 1985</a>. According to Rifkin 1976, six additional scribes were involved, one of whom the composer Pietrequin.

Bibliography

Jeppesen 1927, lxxii; Smijers 1935, 171, 180; Becherini 1941; Hewitt 1942, 108; Becherini 1942–3; MGG1, V, Tafel 83; Jones 1972; Rifkin 1973, 318-9, 322, 324; Rifkin 1976a; Census-Catalogue 1979-88, I, 245-6.

Basis for description: original

Florence, Italy, Biblioteca Riccardiana, MS 2794, All folios

Physical description

Material: parchment

Number of leaves: iv + 78 + iv

Format: upright

Page dimensions: 240 x 167

Quire structure: Text version

Non-musical texts: f. 1r: French poem
f. 78v: French poem

Other devices: Modern foliation, stamped recto top right, 1-78

Page details (zoom):

Preparation and Copying

All folios

Preparation

Disposition of Voice Parts Key

Pricking sometimes,
Pricking holes for each ruled stave in outer margins corresponding to top staveline. Vertical bounding lines pricked at top and bottom.
Ruled grid always
Ruling pattern fairly regular
Staves omitted from grid never
Incomplete staves never,
Added staves only.
Medium and colour of grid Frequency Folios Note
hard point always Vertical bounding lines only.
Colour of staves Frequency Folios Note
light brown sometimes 1r-8v, 25r-32v
dark brown normally 9r-24v, 33r-78v
Ruling medium Frequency Folios Note
single rastrum always
Indentation for initials Frequency Folios Note
double rarely 1r-2r
single normally 2v-78v 66r: Bassus part, notation indented on stave. (Everywhere else, staves indented at the start of each voice part.)
Extra space between voice parts Frequency Folios Note
empty ruled staves on grid normally
Space provided for separate text Frequency Folios Note
provided, in dedicated space normally Unruled space on the bottom half of the verso pages
Adhoc adaptation Frequency Folios Note
made for complete additional staves rarely 14v, 31r, 32v, 71v
partial additional staves rarely 14v, 71v
notation extended into margin occasionally 1v-2v, 4r, 10r, 11v-12r, 27r, 30v, 32r, 42r, 52r, 53r, 59v, 74v, 75r, 77r, 78r
notation and staves extended into margin rarely 7r, 12r, 16r, 17r, 22r, 62r, 68r, 69r, 71r, 76v-77r
staveline added sometimes

Copying of text and music

Language(s) French, Latin
Order of Copying music first
always
Presence/absence of text Voice part Frequency Folios Note
provided with one or two incipits tenor rarely 1v-2r, 25v-27r, 45v-46r
untexted all except tenor rarely 1v-2r
fully texted with one or two texts all except tenor rarely 25v-27r
partially texted with two texts altus rarely 45v-46r
partially texted with one or two texts all except discantus rarely 4v-6r, 7v-8r, 15v-18r
fully texted with one or two texts discantus normally 4v-6r, 7v-9r, 13v-14r, 15v-21r, 24v-25r, 27v-33r, 36v-42r, 43v-46r, 46v-60r, 61v-65r, 66v-75r
provided with one or two incipits all except discantus normally 8v-9r, 13v-14r, 19v-21r, 24v-25r, 27v-34r, 36v-45r, 46v-60r, 61v-62r, 64v-65r, 66v-75r
untexted all except discantus rarely 18v-19r, 61v-62r
partially texted with one or two texts discantus rarely 33v-34r, 42v-43r
partially texted with one or two texts altus rarely 62v-64r
provided with single incipit altus rarely 65v-66r
fully texted with one or two texts all except altus rarely 65v-66r
provided with single incipit all voice parts rarely 23v-24r
untexted all voice parts rarely 2v-3r, 60v-61r
fully texted with one or two texts all voice parts rarely 9v-13r, 75v-78r
fully texted with one or two texts discantus and tenor rarely 3v-4r, 6v-7r, 14v-15r, 34v-36r
provided with single incipit all except discantus and tenor rarely 14v-15r, 34v-36r
partially texted with one text bassus rarely 6v-7r
untexted bassus rarely 3v-4r, 21v-23r
partially texted with one text discantus and tenor rarely 21v-23r
Music
Colour(s) of notation brown
Colour of notation note <p>Written in various shades of brown ink: light (ff. 1v-8v, 21v-24v); dark (ff. 9r-13r, 14v-15r, 17v-21r); brown (13v-14r, 15v-17r, 25r-78r)</p>
Type(s) of notation void mensural
Type of notation note Teardrop shaped noteheads
Monophonic notation absent
Level of calligraphy fair
Non verbal performance instructions Folios Note
repeat signs 13v-14r, 17v-18r, 25v-26r
signes-de-renvoi 14v-15r
Line fillers Folios Note
few 71r Elongated oblique ligature.
Text
Types of script cursive (bastarda)
Level of calligraphy fair
Colour(s) of text brown
written in various shades of brown ink: light brown (ff. 21v-24v, 61v-64r); dark brown (ff. 1v-13r, 14v-15r, 17v-21r); reddish brown (ff. 13v-14r, 15v-17r, 25r-59v) and other brown inks (ff. 64v-78r)
Multiple texts yes
13v-14r, 17v-18r, 25v-26r, 32v-33r, 45v-46r, 47v-48r, 55v-56r
Text repetitions few
Abbreviations few
Non underlaid vocal text additional
Non underlaid vocal text frequently present. Placed in blank staves and/or blank space beneath the discantus part on the verso.
Liminary text Composer attribution frequently provided in centre of upper verso margin. f. 34r: dedication in the upper margin. ff. 2r, 7r, 69r, 70r, 71r: 'Tenor' in recto upper margin. f. 14v: 'Residuum'. f. 64v: 'Rondeau royal'. f. 73v: 'verte folium' ff. 73v-74v: various marginalia

Decoration

Level of Decoration very poor
Decoration initial type Frequency Folios Initial type(s) Size position Description Discrepancies
initials planned normally 1v-78r Staves and notation indented at the start of each voice part. Two staves indented ff. 1v-2r; one stave indented ff. 2v-78v.
penned initials rarely 72v, 73r calligraphic One stave high, at the start of the discantus part.