PRoMs - The Production and Reading of Music Sources
Mise-en-page in manuscripts and printed books containing polyphonic music, 1480—1530
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Date
Locations of Origin
Countries
Austria
6
Belgium
22
Czech Republic
3
France
5
Germany
16
Great Britain
5
Italy
32
Netherlands
1
Portugal
1
Spain
5
Switzerland
4
Cities
Antwerp
1
Arundel
1
Augsburg
3
Barcelona
1
Basel
3
Belgium
1
Bologna
2
Bourges
1
Bruges
1
Brussels
14
Casale Monferrato
3
Catalonia
1
Cognac
1
Coimbra
1
Corbie
1
England
1
Eton
1
Ferrara
7
Florence
7
France
7
Germany
1
Germany (South)
3
Halberstadt
1
Hradec Králové
3
Italy
2
Italy (North)
4
Leipzig
2
London
2
Lyons
1
Maastricht
1
Mantua
3
Mechelen
19
Milan
2
Modena
2
Munich
9
Naples
3
Padua
1
Paris
2
Pisa
1
Rheinfelden
1
Rome
3
Savoy, France
1
Schonenberg nr. Bocholt
1
Segovia
1
Seville
2
Siena
2
Spain
1
St Gall
1
Toledo
1
Torgau
1
Venice
1
Verona
1
Vienna
6
Windsor
1
Wittenberg
1
Zaragoza
1
Production method
Manuscript
113
Printed work
1
Physical type
chansonnier
1
chant book with polyphony
1
choirbook
93
choirbook (fragment)
1
choirbook (single quire(s))
2
composite manuscript with interpolated polyphony
1
monophonic manuscript with interpolated polyphony
3
music treatise(s) containing polyphony
2
music treatise(s) with appended monophony and polyphony
1
music treatise(s) with appended polyphony
1
non-music manuscript with interpolated polyphony
2
partbook (fragment)
1
partbook (single)
2
partbooks (incomplete set)
1
polyphonic music manuscript appended to polyphonic music print
1
printed treatise with added polyphony
1
Material
paper
56
paper (with parchment)
4
parchment
49
parchment (with paper)
3
parchment and paper (mixed)
2
Format
upright
114
Size (height in mm)
Preparation
Size of Music Text Area
Pricking
always
30
n/a
1
never
16
none visible
45
normally
10
occasionally
2
often
7
rarely
2
sometimes
6
Height of Staves
Colour of Staves
black
58
brown
41
dark brown
8
gold
1
light brown
6
n/a
1
red
8
reddish brown
2
Ruling Medium
double and single rastra
2
double rastrum
3
freehand
5
quadruple rastrum
2
single rastrum
95
straightedge
14
triple rastrum
3
Number of staves
1
6
10
51
11
28
12
15
13
8
14
3
15
2
16
2
17
2
2
15
3
12
4
19
5
28
6
42
7
42
8
56
9
50
Disposition of Voice Parts
1-part single page
24
12-part opening
1
2-part consecutive
5
2-part opening
47
2-part single page
21
3-part consecutive
6
3-part opening
75
3-part score
1
3-part single page
22
4-part consecutive
4
4-part opening
89
4-part single page
23
5-part consecutive
4
5-part opening
50
5-part single page
3
6-part consecutive
1
6-part opening
18
7-part consecutive
1
7-part opening
1
8-part consecutive
1
8-part opening
5
9-part consecutive
1
9-part opening
1
n/a
4
Indentation for Initials
all staves indented
1
double
41
none
49
quadruple
4
quintuple
1
single
78
triple
19
varies
2
Extra Space Between Voice Parts
empty ruled staves on grid
81
left below voice parts as part of grid
2
left between voice parts as part of grid
7
none
18
staves not ruled
3
staves not ruled on grid
32
variable space, not on grid
15
Space Provided for Separate Text
no separate text
80
not in dedicated space
27
provided, in dedicated space
18
Adhoc Adaptation
Indentation for initials filled in
8
made for complete additional staves
35
none
2
notation and staves extended into margin
71
notation extended into margin
41
other
4
partial additional staves
37
staveline added
15
staves extended into margin
5
Copying of Music
Colour of Notation
black
79
brown
35
dark brown
7
gold
1
light brown
3
red
9
Type of Notation
German hufnagel
1
chant (Central European)
1
chant (Gothic)
1
chant (square)
8
full mensural
11
void mensural
105
Monophonic Notation
absent
87
present
33
Level of Calligraphy
fair
39
high
46
n/a
1
poor
9
very high
26
Non-verbal Performance Instructions
coronae
9
custodes
1
end symbol
15
none
3
pointers
9
repeat signs
26
signa congruentiae
49
signes-de-renvoi
61
space-filler
5
Copying of Text
Language
Czech
3
Dutch
8
English
2
Flemish
5
French
39
German
5
Italian
13
Latin
102
Spanish
7
n/a
1
Presence or Absence of Text
fully texted and provided with incipit
1
fully texted with one or two texts
20
fully texted with one text
103
fully texted with two or more texts
19
fully texted with two texts
10
partially texted with one or two texts
8
partially texted with one text
24
partially texted with two texts
1
provided with multiple incipits
2
provided with one or two incipits
12
provided with single incipit
41
provided with two incipits
4
untexted
42
varies
2
Type of Script
antiqua
2
cursive
20
cursive (Anglicana)
3
cursive (German)
5
cursive (bastarda)
37
cursive (humanistic)
5
cursive (italic)
3
display script
36
humanistic
3
hybrida
7
roman
2
rotonda
2
textura
36
various
2
Level of Calligraphy
fair
35
high
54
n/a
1
poor
11
very high
27
Colour of Text
black
76
blue
9
brown
40
dark brown
7
dark red
1
gold
2
green
1
grey
1
light brown
2
red
51
yellow
1
Multiple Texts
no
69
yes
54
Decoration
Miniatures Frequency
always
1
never
8
none visible
1
normally
1
rarely
34
sometimes
1
Borders Frequency
always
2
never
9
occasionally
2
often
1
rarely
34
sometimes
2
Borders Size
full and partial borders
2
full borders
9
partial borders: one- and two-sided
4
partial borders: one-sided
11
partial borders: three-sided
2
partial borders: two- and three-sided
2
partial borders: two-sided
12
Painted Initials Frequency
always
7
never
6
normally
8
occasionally
4
often
6
rarely
28
sometimes
3
Painted Initials Type
calligraphic
1
calligraphic with decoration
2
decorated
27
decorated with grotesque heads
5
flourished
9
historiated
5
plain initials
5
trompe l'oeil
1
zoomorphic initial
5
Penned Initials Frequency
always
9
never
2
normally
41
occasionally
18
often
12
rarely
21
sometimes
15
Penned Initials Type
calligraphic
49
calligraphic with decoration
17
calligraphic with grotesque heads
17
decorated
5
decorated with grotesque heads
5
flourished
25
historiated
1
littera notabilior
5
plain initials
14
Planned Initials Frequency
always
5
never
13
normally
10
occasionally
6
often
9
rarely
18
sometimes
7
Planned Initials Type
Guide letters only
1
Other Decoration Frequency
always
5
never
20
normally
8
occasionally
8
often
13
rarely
7
sometimes
9
Other Decoration Type
Voice-names
2
banner
5
decorated letters
6
decorative final long
15
diagrams
1
embellished final barline
4
end-symbol
5
littera notabilior
8
ornament
2
signes-de-renvoi
1
vignette
1
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2
St Gall, Switzerland, Stiftsbibliothek, MS 463, c. 1540 or slightly later, All folios
St Gall, Switzerland, Stiftsbibliothek, MS 462, 1510-c. 1530, All folios
1