PRoMs - The Production and Reading of Music Sources
Mise-en-page in manuscripts and printed books containing polyphonic music, 1480—1530
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Date
Locations of Origin
Countries
Austria
5
Belgium
12
France
2
Germany
7
Italy
10
Netherlands
2
Spain
2
Switzerland
4
Cities
Antwerp
1
Augsburg
1
Basel
4
Bourges
1
Bruges
3
Brussels
5
Burgundy
1
Catalonia
1
Ferrara
1
Florence
3
France
5
Germany
3
Halberstadt
1
Innsbruck
1
Italy
1
Italy (North)
1
Leipzig
2
Maastricht
1
Mantua
1
Mechelen
8
Milan
1
Munich
5
Munich, Germany
1
Naples
2
Netherlands
1
Paris
1
Rome
3
Savoy, France
1
Segovia
1
Siena
1
Spain
1
Switzerland
1
Toledo
1
Torgau
1
Utrecht
1
Venice
1
Vienna
4
Zaragoza
1
Production method
Manuscript
58
Physical type
choirbook
44
choirbook (fragment(s))
2
choirbook (fragment)
1
choirbook (single quire(s))
3
composite manuscript with interpolated polyphony
1
partbook (fragment)
1
partbook (single)
2
partbooks (incomplete set)
1
poetry collection with some notated music
1
polyphonic music manuscript appended to polyphonic music print
1
tablebook
1
Material
paper
27
paper (with parchment)
1
parchment
28
parchment (with paper)
1
parchment and paper (mixed)
1
Format
bound upright but prepared oblong
1
oblong
4
upright
53
Size (height in mm)
Preparation
Size of Music Text Area
Pricking
always
11
never
11
none visible
23
normally
6
occasionally
1
often
6
rarely
1
sometimes
4
Height of Staves
Colour of Staves
black
27
brown
25
dark brown
4
light brown
4
red
2
reddish brown
1
Ruling Medium
double rastrum
1
freehand
4
single rastrum
58
straightedge
3
triple rastrum
1
Number of staves
1
1
10
24
11
12
12
11
13
4
14
1
2
9
3
12
4
11
5
15
6
22
7
21
8
29
9
22
Disposition of Voice Parts
1-part single page
17
12-part opening
1
2-part consecutive
2
2-part opening
19
2-part single page
9
3-part consecutive
2
3-part opening
37
3-part score
1
3-part single page
13
4-part opening
46
4-part single page
18
5-part opening
24
5-part single page
1
6-part opening
7
8-part opening
1
n/a
2
Indentation for Initials
double
20
none
21
quadruple
1
quintuple
1
single
45
triple
10
varies
1
Extra Space Between Voice Parts
empty ruled staves on grid
42
left below voice parts as part of grid
5
left between voice parts as part of grid
4
none
9
staves not ruled
1
staves not ruled on grid
13
variable space, not on grid
7
Space Provided for Separate Text
no separate text
36
not in dedicated space
17
provided, in dedicated space
12
Adhoc Adaptation
Indentation for initials filled in
3
made for complete additional staves
16
none
2
notation and staves extended into margin
35
notation extended into margin
23
other
2
partial additional staves
19
staveline added
8
staves extended into margin
4
Copying of Music
Colour of Notation
black
39
brown
22
dark brown
2
light brown
2
red
3
Type of Notation
German hufnagel
1
chant (square)
4
full mensural
4
void mensural
57
Monophonic Notation
absent
50
present
13
Level of Calligraphy
fair
16
high
26
poor
11
very high
12
very poor
1
Non-verbal Performance Instructions
coronae
8
custodes
1
end symbol
9
none
4
pointers
6
repeat signs
19
signa congruentiae
27
signes-de-renvoi
29
space-filler
4
Copying of Text
Language
Dutch
6
Flemish
4
French
27
German
5
Italian
11
Latin
50
Spanish
6
n/a
1
Presence or Absence of Text
fully texted with one or two texts
16
fully texted with one text
50
fully texted with two or more texts
8
fully texted with two texts
8
partially texted with one or two texts
7
partially texted with one text
19
partially texted with two texts
1
provided with multiple incipits
2
provided with one or two incipits
8
provided with single incipit
28
provided with two incipits
3
untexted
28
varies
2
Type of Script
antiqua
1
cursive
11
cursive (German)
5
cursive (bastarda)
24
cursive (humanistic)
5
cursive (italic)
1
display script
16
humanistic
2
hybrida
5
textura
10
Level of Calligraphy
fair
18
high
26
poor
10
very high
13
very poor
1
Colour of Text
black
37
blue
6
brown
24
dark brown
4
grey
1
light brown
2
red
24
yellow
1
Multiple Texts
no
33
yes
33
Decoration
Miniatures Frequency
always
3
never
7
rarely
13
Borders Frequency
always
2
never
6
occasionally
2
often
1
rarely
17
Borders Size
full and partial borders
2
full borders
8
partial borders: one- and two-sided
3
partial borders: one-sided
4
partial borders: three-sided
1
partial borders: two- and three-sided
2
partial borders: two-sided
4
Painted Initials Frequency
always
4
never
3
normally
4
occasionally
2
often
2
rarely
11
sometimes
2
Painted Initials Type
calligraphic with decoration
1
decorated
12
decorated with grotesque heads
3
flourished
2
historiated
3
plain initials
1
trompe l'oeil
1
zoomorphic initial
2
Penned Initials Frequency
always
5
never
1
normally
22
occasionally
9
often
5
rarely
12
sometimes
10
Penned Initials Type
calligraphic
29
calligraphic with decoration
13
calligraphic with grotesque heads
14
decorated
3
decorated with grotesque heads
1
flourished
10
littera notabilior
2
plain initials
7
Planned Initials Frequency
always
2
never
7
normally
6
occasionally
7
often
4
rarely
9
sometimes
5
Planned Initials Type
Guide letters only
2
Other Decoration Frequency
always
5
never
8
normally
5
occasionally
3
often
5
rarely
5
sometimes
5
Other Decoration Type
Voice-names
2
banner
4
decorated letters
3
decorative final long
4
embellished final barline
1
end-symbol
4
littera notabilior
7
ornament
1
signes-de-renvoi
1
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Ruling medium: single rastrum
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2
Leipzig, Germany, Universitätsbibliothek, MS 1494, c. 1490-1504, All folios
Berlin, Germany, Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, MS Mus. 40021 (olim Z 21), c. 1485-1500, All folios
1